Czajkowski, Stanisław
Czajkowski, Stanisław, Polish painter, member of the “Munich School”. From 1898: student at the Academy of Fine Arts Munich. *9.3.1878 Warsaw, †21.8.1954 Sandomierz. Brother of the painter and architect Józef Czajkowski (1872-1947); for a portrait see there. Drawing lessons under Wojciech Gerson (1831-1901). From 1896: studies at the Cracow Academy of Fine Arts/Akademia Sztuk Pięknych w Krakowie under Jacek Malczewski (1854-1929), Leon Wyczółkowski (1852-1936) and Józef Mehoffer (1869-1946). On the 5.11.1898 he enrols in the nature class at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Munich, studies under Johann Caspar Herterich (1843-1905). 1904-06: studies at the Académie Julian under Jean-Paul Laurens (1838-1921) and Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant (1845-1902). He ends his studies at the Cracow Academy in the workshop of Jan Stanisławski (1860-1907). After a trip to Italy in 1907 (Venice, Florence, Padua, Verona) he returns to Poland. 1908: member of the artists’ association Sztuka. 1914-18: in the Netherlands. 1927-39: teacher of open-air painting at the Warsaw Academy; from 1950, Professor. His early landscapes follow the Symbolist ideas of Jan Stanisławski. On lengthy trips throughout Poland and in the Ukraine he paints landscapes, including village and small-town scenes, markets and church festivities, above all in Kazimierz nad Wisłą and Sandomierz. In the 1920s he concentrates on clear-cut painting surfaces, following the style of the successors to the Pont-Aven School. His works can be found in the national museums in Breslau, Kielce, Cracow and Warsaw, in museums in Bydgoszcz, Danzig/Gdańsk, Kazimierz Dolny, Olsztyn, Sandomierz, Włocławek and Toruń, and in the National Gallery in Lviv.
Solo exhibitions: 1917 Amsterdam, Stedelijk Museum; The Hague, Salon Kleykampa; Rotterdam, Kunstsalon (landscapes) / Warsaw: 1930 Zachęta; 1923, 1933/34 Salon Garlińskiego; 1949 Stowarzyszenie Architektów Polskich, 1981 Diocesan Museum/Muzeum Archidiecezji Warszawskiej.
Group exhibitions: From 1902: Cracow, Warsaw, Lemberg/Lwów, Poznań: Society of the Friends of the Fine Arts/Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Sztuk Pięknych / 1929 Poznań, National Art Exhibition (small gold medal) / 1921 Paris, 1926, 1933 Venice, 1927 Helsinki, 1927 Stockholm, 1928 Vienna, 1933 Pittsburgh, Moscow, 1934 London, 1935 Berlin, 1939 New York: Towarzystwo Szerzenia Sztuki Polskiej wśród Obcych/Society for Promoting Polish Art Abroad
Further Reading: Barbara Mitschein: Stanisław Czajkowski 1878-1954, Zachęta, Warsaw 1978; Jadwiga Wardas: Stanisław Czajkowski 1878-1954, Zachęta, Warsaw 1980; Halina Stępień/Maria Liczbińska: Artyści polscy w środowisku monachijskim w latach 1828-1914. Materiały źródłowe, Warsaw 1994, p. 22, 34; Saur Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon, vol. 23, Munich/Leipzig 1999, p. 281
Online: Matriculation data base, Matriculation book 3, Academy of Fine Arts Munich, 01956 Stanislaus Czajkowski, http://matrikel.adbk.de/matrikel/mb_1884-1920/jahr_1898/matrikel-01956
Irena Kossowska: Stanisław Czajkowski (2006) at culture.pl (polnisch), http://culture.pl/pl/tworca/stanislaw-czajkowski
Many works at artyzm.com, http://artyzm.com/artysta.php?id=1545&page=1
Axel Feuß, March 2017
